Chandrayaan-3: What will Lander Vikram and Prithvi Rover do? Read the answers to 15 questions

The follow-up mission to Chandrayaan-2 is referred to as Chandrayaan-3. Its objective is to enable a soft touchdown of the lander on the lunar south pole. Vikram Lander's landing on Chandrayaan-2 was difficult. Three months later, the American space agency NASA found its debris. Through Chandrayaan-3, ISRO will attempt to deploy the lander and rover on the South Pole once more four years from now.

India's Moon Mission i.e. This tonight, Chandrayaan-3 will touch down on the Moon's surface. As soon as India touches down on the Moon's surface, it will become the first nation to reach the Moon's South Pole. Chandrayaan-3's lander-rover will operate on the moon for 1 day, which is comparable to 14 days on Earth. This ambitious mission of the ISRO is associated with the hopes of the entire nation.

Chandrayaan-3 has united the whole country. Prayers are being held in the temples. Prayers are being offered in mosques. The whole country is excited about Chandrayaan-3. Let's know the answers to all the important questions related to Chandrayaan-3...

Question 1- At what time will Chandrayaan-3 land?

India's third lunar exploration mission, Chandrayaan-3, was launched on July 14.The launch took place at the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. After 40 days, the lander (Vikram) and the rover (Pragyan) will land on the South Pole of the Moon at 18:04 today. LVM-3 launcher was used to send 'Chandrayaan-3'.

Question 2: Why did I not log in until August 23?
The moon has 14 days of day and 14 days of night. It's night there now. After calculating everything, ISRO concluded that from August 23, there will be daylight on the moon. That means the sun will rise there. When the lunar ship lands under these conditions, there will be sunlight at the South Pole. The Chandrayaan-3 lander and rover will use solar energy to carry out their missions after landing on the lunar surface. Between August 23 and September 5, there will be sunlight on the South Pole, with the help of which Chandrayaan's rover will be able to charge and carry out its mission.

Question 3 - How many days of travel did it take to reach Chandrayaan-3?

Chandrayaan-3 will reach the moon today after a 40-day journey.

Question 4 - How much was spent on Chandrayaan-3 mission?

The Chandrayaan-3 mission cost Rs 6.15 billion. The Chandrayaan-3 mission was launched after the failure of the Chandrayaan-2 mission in 2019. They plan to roll it out on their own in 2021. However, it was delayed due to the Covid-19 pandemic and finally went live on July 14, 2023.

Question 5- Where will Chandrayaan-3 land?
'Chandrayaan-3' will land in the south pole region of the moon. No country has reached here yet. With Chandrayaan-3's successful landing, India will be the first nation to reach the South Pole.

Question 6- Why was the mission sent to the South Pole area only?

The polar regions of the Moon are very different from other regions. There are many parts here where sunlight never reaches and the temperature goes below -200 degree Celsius. In this case, scientists estimate that there may still be water in the form of ice. India's Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008 revealed the presence of water on the lunar surface.

Question 7: Which countries have ever landed on the moon?

If Chandrayaan-3 successfully lands on the moon, India will become the fourth country to achieve a soft landing. The United States, Russia and China have previously accomplished this feat.

Question 8 Why only 1 day mission on the moon?
One day on the Moon is equal to 14 days on Earth. On August 23, the sun will rise on the south pole of the moon. Day will remain here for 14 days. Chandrayaan-3's lander and rover will conduct study on the lunar surface for a total of 14 days as a result.

Question 9- What will happen after landing?

Lander Vikram will land on the moon at 6.04 pm on Wednesday. Today's landing will mark the beginning of Lander Vikram's operations. The six-wheeled rover Pragyan will emerge through the ramp and begin moving around the lunar surface as soon as the ISRO gives the order if the soft landing of lander Vikram is successful.

It will walk in an area of up to 500 meters and tell ISRO about the water and the atmosphere there. While doing so, its wheels will imprint the ISRO emblem and Ashoka Pillar, the national symbol of India, on the lunar surface.

Question 10:- What is the expected duration of the Chandrayaan-3 mission?

Chandrayaan-2 had Lander, Rover and Orbiter. In contrast, Chandrayaan-3 lacks a native propulsion module in favor of an orbiter. The orbiter from Chandrayaan-2 will be utilized if necessary.

The propulsion module will keep the Chandrayaan-3's lander-rover on the lunar surface, circling 100 kilometers above the lunar orbit. This is for communication.

One day, the lander-rover, according to ISRO experts, hopes to work on the moon. translates to 14 days on Earth. The propulsion module has a four to five year operational lifespan. These three might be able to accomplish more than this. mainly because ISRO's satellites have operated longer than anticipated.

Question11:- Which tasks will Lander Vikram and Pragyan Rover perform?
There are four payloads in Vikram Lander. First Rambha (RAMBHA). It will look into the density, volume, and variety of solar plasma particles on the lunar surface. Second Chaste. It will measure the moon's surface temperature. The ILSA is the third. It will look into any seismic activity near the landing area. The Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA) is the fourth. It'll make an effort to comprehend the mechanics of the moon.

Vikram Lander will take message from Pragyan Rover on the lunar surface. Will send it to the Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) located in Bangalore. If necessary, Chandrayaan-2's propulsion module and orbiter can be used for this task. Pragyan Rover can only communicate with Vikram, according to him.

Question 12:-  How significant is this mission for India.
For India, Chandrayaan 3 is viewed as being a crucial mission. India is attempting to set down on the moon's south pole. If Chandrayaan 3 makes a successful landing. India will thus be the first nation to travel to the South Pole.

Question 13 - How different is mission Chandrayaan-3 from Chandrayaan-2?
Chandrayaan-2 had Lander, Rover and Orbiter. In contrast, Chandrayaan-3 lacks a native propulsion module in favor of an orbiter. The orbiter from Chandrayaan-2 will be utilized if necessary. The propulsion module allows the lander-rover of Chandrayaan-3 to orbit 100 kilometers above the lunar orbit while staying on the lunar surface. This is for communication.

Question 14- Why did Chandrayaan-2 fail?
Chandrayaan-1 and Chandrayaan-2 were already launched by ISRO in 2008 and 2019, respectively. Chandrayaan-1 had only orbiter. In addition to a lander and a rover, Chandrayaan-2 included an orbiter. The successor mission to Chandrayaan-2 is known as Chandrayaan-3. Additionally, it serves to prepare the lander for a smooth landing on the moon's south pole. In Chandrayaan-2, Vikram Lander made a difficult landing. The American space agency NASA discovered its debris three months later.

Question 15- How many moon landing attempts have been successful?

In the previous seven decades, 111 missions have been launched to the moon.  Out of which 66 were successful. 41 failed. 8 got partial success. Former ISRO chief G. There is a 50% possibility that the Moon mission would be successful, according to Madhavan Nair. India, the United States, Russia, Japan, the European Union, China, and Israel made numerous trips to the moon between 1958 and 2023. These include Impactor, Orbiter, Lander-Rover and Flyby. Six lunar missions were launched in a nine-year period, if we consider the years 2000 to 2009.  Smart-1 from Europe, Selene from Japan, Changai-1 from China, Chandrayaan-1 from India, and the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter from America. There have been 21 moon missions launched by the United States, Japan, India, the European Union, China, and Israel since 1990.